Failure
A state in which a battery no longer functions satisfactorily. There are several forms of failure.

Failure, permanent
A state in which a cell or battery cannot be recharged to a satisfactory level.

Failure, reversible
A failure condition that can be remedied by using particular electrical procedures or by reconditioning.

Final charging current
The final charging current is the current at the end of an IU charging operation (gassing current).

Final discharging voltage
Indicates the lowest allowable voltage level that a battery or cell can be discharged to. Discharging to below this cut-off voltage (deep discharge) can affect
or (through pole reversal) destroy the electrochemical cell in the case of various battery typed (e.g. lead, Ni/Cd, NiMH).

Finishing line
Line after the >> container formation of batteries, normally consisting of
>> acid levelling machine, >> plug sealing machine, >> battery washing machine,
>> high rate discharge tester, >> high volt leakage tester, >> post polishing machine, >> post greasing machine, >> marking machine, >> labelling machine,
>> stacking robot.

Flash drying oven
The freshly pasted grids or the lead strip is shock surface dried in the flash drying oven. This is necessary for the further plate handling.
battery placed on a charging line whose voltage is only slightly greater than the open circuit voltage of the battery.

Formation
>> Forming

Formation rectifier
Rectifier for charging batteries in tank- or container formation.

Forming
Initial electrical charging for converting the active masses into the charged state (e.g. PbSO4 -> Pb (-) and PbO2 (+) ).

Frame
The reinforced outer parts of a battery grid.

Fully-formed
Batteries, particularly closed lead batteries, in which the paste on the plates has been totally converted to active mass.